The colonisation of saline waters is associated with lowered immune responses in aquatic beetles
نویسندگان
چکیده
The immune response represents a suite of evolved traits that can involve energetic and evolutionary trade-offs with other energy-demanding fitness-related processes. Here, we tested the hypothesis aquatic beetles living in inland hypersaline habitats have lower capacity than freshwater congeners. Phenoloxidase activity, encapsulation antimicrobial peptide activity were compared freshwater/hypersaline species pairs differing osmoregulatory cuticular waterproofing properties genera Nebrioporus (Dytiscidae) Enochrus (Hydrophilidae), independent lineages colonised saline media separately. Hypersaline (N. ceresyi E. jesusarribasi) showed significantly phenoloxidase responses their relatives clarkii salomonis). Encapsulation also appeared to be higher relatives. Our results reinforce complex nature suggest adaptation environments may involved trade-off between osmoregulation investment defences, but are consistent relaxed selection pressures on basal resulting from microbial infection load habitats. In addition, more resistant cuticle occupying such protect against entry parasites, reducing pressure immunity. Because evolution salinity tolerance is associated reduced capacity, specialists particularly vulnerable dilution waters consequent changes pathogen communities following colonisation by generalist microorganisms.
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Cuticle hydrocarbons in saline aquatic beetles
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Freshwater Biology
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['0046-5070', '1365-2427']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.13993